Mike Powell

As I was exploring the edges of a small pond in Prince William County in Virginia on Tuesday, I spotted a lizard-like creature walking along the pond bottom underwater. I had no idea what this was, but had the presence of mind to snap a photo. The water was clear enough that I was able to capture a decent amount of detail.

I did some research and learned that this is the adult aquatic form of an Eastern Red-spotted Newt (Notophthalmus viridescens). That set me off on another series of internet searches, because I am not sure what a newt is. When I hear the word “newt” I immediately think of the three witches in Shakespeare’s Macbeth. As they stirred their cauldrons, they described the contents of the potion that included a newt, although it turns out that the witches were using codes words to refer to various plants.

“Eye of newt and toe of frog,
Wool of bat and tongue of dog,
Adder’s fork and blind-worm’s sting,
Lizard’s leg and howlet’s wing,
For a charm of powerful trouble,
Like a hell-broth boil and bubble.”

Newts are a kind of salamander and are considered to be amphibians, not reptiles. Eastern Red-spotted Newts have an amazing life cycle, according to an article by the University of Virginia Mountain Lake Biological Station. They hatch from eggs and then spend the next 2-5 months of their lives living in the sediment and debris at the bottom of the pond, breathing through gills.

When they metamorphose into terrestrial red efts, the juvenile form of the aquatic newt, they acquire a pair of lungs which they use for the rest of their life. After 2-7 years as terrestrial efts, the newts return to the water to breed. They can live for up to 15 years in total, sometimes spending the entirety of their adulthood as aquatic newts.

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.