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Archive for the ‘Autumn’ Category

Seasons are noticeably changing as summer releases its hold on us (for those of us in the Northern Hemisphere). Children in my area have returned to school and the weather has cooled off quite a bit.

Many summer dragonfly species are starting to disappear or decrease in numbers. Fortunately, some new species appear late in the season to take their places, like this handsome Russet-tipped Clubtail dragonfly (Stylurus plagiatus) that I spotted on Monday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge.

Russet-tipped Clubtails are a late season species and are seen most often in August and September in my area. Unlike many of the dragonflies that I see regularly that seem to prefer pole-like perches or perch flat on the ground, Russet-tipped Clubtails like to hang from the leaves of vegetation at an angle or almost vertically—members of the genus Stylurus are sometimes called “Hanging Clubtails.”

I am not quite ready to welcome “autumn,” but there are signs everywhere that the seasons are inexorably changing. Autumn is probably my favorite season of the year, but I am still holding on to the remnants of summer—this year autumn begins on 22 September.

Russet-tipped Clubtail

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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What does “common” mean to you? For many of us, the descriptor “common” is used for ordinary, everyday things to which we tend to pay little attention. Their purposes tend to be functional and utilitarian and beauty is often of secondary importance, assuming that it is considered at all.

I rebel against the use of “common” in the name of many wildlife species. Even if “common” is meant to suggest the likelihood of encountering a species, it is usually related to geography—what is “common” in one area may well be “uncommon” in another area. I think that the folks who name species should be a bit more creative in choosing names for species.

On Monday I encountered this Common Buckeye butterfly (Junonia coenia) during a visit to Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Take a close look at the colors and markings on this little butterfly and I’m sure that you will agree that it is uncommonly beautiful.

Common Buckeye

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I spotted this gorgeous Twelve-spotted Skimmer dragonfly (Libellula pulchella) on Monday (8 September) at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. I don’t see this species very often and think this might be the first one that I had photographed this season. The white spots in between the darker patches on the wings indicate that this is a male—females of this species have only the darker spots.

Most of the time when I am photographing dragonflies I have to shoot quickly before the dragonfly flies away. In this case, I had the luxury of being able to move around a bit to find a shooting angle that captured the details of the beautiful wings and the blooming wildflowers in the background. Why? When male Twelve-spotted Skimmers are flying, their patterned wings make them look almost like butterflies and I was able to track this dragonfly to the spot where he landed—most other dragonflies have transparent wings and therefore appear smaller when they are in flight.

Twelve-spotted Skimmer

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I was thrilled to spot this stunning male Calico Pennant dragonfly (Celithemis elisa) on Monday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. At this time of the year I am eager to search for the survivors of the summer species. The number of dragonflies continues to dwindle as we move deeper into September and I never know for sure when an encounter with one of the species will turn out to be the last one of the season.

I absolutely love the look of male Calico Pennant dragonflies. The beautiful patterning on their wings and the red heart-shaped markings on their abdomens really make them stand out. I guess that I am a bit romantic when it comes to those red hearts and I managed to find a shooting angle that allowed me to capture that detail really well in the image below.

Alas, this male was the only Calico Pennant that I spotted that day. Dragonflies spent a lot of their time looking for a mate and then doing their part to ensure the preservation of their species. Perhaps this solitary dragonfly will find a mate or maybe it is too late in the season for that. As I said, I am somewhat of a romantic and I choose to hope that love will find a way for him.

Calico Pennant

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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During a recent visit to Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge I noticed that the thistle plants were attracting a lot of butterflies. I managed to photograph what I think was a Spicebush Swallowtail butterfly (Papilio troilus) as it was feverishly feeding on the thistles.

The butterfly had sustained a significant amount of damage to its wings, which made identification of its species a little difficult—it is possible that this is actually a Black Swallowtail or one of the other dark swallowtails in my area.  Whatever the case, I was once again amazed that, despite the damage to its wings, the butterfly seemed to be able to fly and feed without any obvious limitations.

Spicebush Swallowtail

Spicebush Swallowtail

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

 

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It has been a long, hot summer and I welcome the cooler temperatures and lower humidity of the autumn. For me, this is part of a cycle of nature that is repeated each year. For dragonflies, though, the autumn signals that their lives are drawing near to the end. Dragonflies begin their lives as water-dwelling nymphs and when they emerge and are transformed into the incredible aerial acrobats that we see, their days are numbered in weeks and months.

Earlier this week I spotted this Halloween Pennant dragonfly (Celithemis eponina) that appeared to have survived several encounters with predators. Its wings were shredded, but somehow the dragonfly was still able to fly. It’s probably my imagination, but the Halloween Pennant seemed to be smiling, enjoying every minute of its remaining days, happy to be alive. As I get older, I feel like that sometimes.

Halloween Pennant

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Throughout the summer I have did not spot very many butterflies—maybe they were as uncomfortable in the midday heat and humidity as I was. Now that we are in September I seem to see them all of the time. One of my favorites that I managed to photograph on Monday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge was this beautiful Eastern Comma butterfly (Polygonia comma).

As many of you know, the Eastern Comma is one of the two “punctuation” butterflies in my area—the other is the Question Mark butterfly (Polygonia interrogationis). The two species are quite similar in appearance, with the arrangement of spots on the wings being the chief means of distinguishing between them.

I love the beautiful orange color of this butterfly, a color that seems to be a perfect match for the autumn season that is either imminent or already upon us, depending on whether you use the astrological calendar or the meteorological calendar. Meteorological autumn begins on September 1 and ends on November 30, providing a consistent three month period for data analysis. Astrologically the autumn season begins at the Autumn Equinox (in the Northern Hemisphere) that is between September 21 and September 24—in 2025 it falls on September 22.

Eastern Comma

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Earlier in the summer Needham’s Skimmers (Libellula needhami) were one of the most common dragonflies that I would encounter at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, but over the past month their numbers have dropped significantly as their flight season draws to a close. I was therefore quite pleased to spot this mature female Needham’s Skimmer on Monday at the wildlife refuge.

The dragonfly’s colors seemed a bit faded, but otherwise she appeared to be in good shape. I am not sure if the stalk of vegetation on which she was perching was comfortable, but it helped me to isolate her from the background and its pointy protrusions add visual interest to the image.

Needham's Skimmer

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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The last time that I recall seeing an American Goldfinch (Spinus tristis) was during breeding season, when the goldfinch was bright yellow in color. That breeding season is long gone and the plumage of goldfinches is a lot drabber in color. I spotted this goldfinch on Tuesday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge and captured this moment when the little bird was sticking out its tongue.

I am not sure if the bird was singing at the time or was merely clearing its throat. Whatever the case, it definitely was cool to be able to see the tiny tongue of the little goldfinch.

American Goldfinch

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

 

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This last week or so, I have had several opportunities to capture “artistic” shots of Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias) at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. In these cases the heron was not actively engaged in fishing and was standing in the vegetation a bit removed from the water.

In the first two photos, I was struck by the beautiful light that was falling on the heron. I particularly like the heron’s pose in the first image in which the heron has his neck stretched out, giving him a very slim profile. In the final photo, the heron was partially hidden by the reeds and is much more hunched over in an effort, perhaps, to retain his body heat.

Great Blue Heron

Great Blue Heron

Great Blue Heron

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Are you a messy eater? Do you feel a need to constantly wipe your face with a napkin? Do you wonder if you have visible food stuck between your teeth? If you are like most people, you are very self-conscious about your appearance.

Birds, on the other hand, don’t seem to mind it when the remains of their last snack remain on their faces. Of course, the absence of mirrors and selfie cameras on cell phones probably makes them less aware of how they look or they simply don’t care.

Last week I spotted this White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis) at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge with some berry residue on its upper bill. Perhaps I merely caught the sparrow taking a momentary break from the feeding that seems to occupy the sparrows for most of their waking hours during the winter.

I felt an impulse to pull out a napkin to wipe this little sparrow’s face, but resisted that impulse and continued on my way, happy in the knowledge that the sparrow had been successful in finding something to eat.

White-throated Sparrow

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I confess that I know almost nothing about boats, so I was not sure what I was looking at when I spotted this enormous floating object in the Potomac River off of Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge last week. Eventually I figured out that it was a boat pushing some kind of barge up the river. It looked a bit like a tugboat, but instead of “tugging” the boat, it seemed to be pushing from behind.

I have seen the difficulties that some folks have in towing a trailer, so I can’t imagine how difficult it must be to steer something like this. Fortunately the tugboat seemed to be taller than the barge, so presumably the captain was able to see where he was going, and it appeared that he was able to stay on course pretty well.

barge

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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My mind was busy trying to identify the animal crossing the trail ahead of me on Thursday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, but my reflexes took over and I was able to capture these shots of what turned out to be an opossum (Didelphis virginiana), an animal that I rarely see. When I was doing a little research I learned that Virginia Opossums, also known as North American Opossums, are the only marsupial in the United States—most marsupials, including kangaroos, wallabies, and koalas, are found in Australia and New Guinea.

opossum

opossum

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Most of the leaves have fallen from the trees by mid-December and the remaining birds have to work a lot harder to find food than in the warmer months. During a visit on Thursday to Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, I spotted a small group of Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) foraging among the colorful fallen leaves.

Unlike many other colorful birds that migrate out of our area, cardinals remain with us throughout the year, providing a pop of color in an often monochromatic winter landscape. Although the males, like the one in the final photo, are easier to spot, I often prefer the more subdued beauty of the females, like the one in the first photo.

female Northern Cardinal

Northern Cardinal

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Yesterday I watched a Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias) fishing at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. After an extended period of cold and cloudy days, it was a treat for both of us to be out in the somewhat warmer weather. Although the the heron was really focused on its task, its results were modest—the fish that it caught may well be the tiniest fish that I have ever seen a heron catch.

I am hoping that the heron was eventually more successful later in the day—it would take a lot of those tiny fish to satisfy its appetite.

Great Blue Heron

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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At this time of the year I often see large groups of ducks, often referred to as “rafts” because the ducks gather so closely together, in the waters off of Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Frequently there are different species of ducks intermixed, though in my experience there is usually a dominant species.

In later November, I spotted a large group of American Coots (Fulica americana) during a visit to the refuge, as you can see in the first photo below. Coots are pretty easy to identify because of the shape and color of their bills. In addition to the coots, a number of Ruddy Ducks (Oxyura jamaicensis) were part of the raft. I encourage you to click on the image to get a better look at the individual birds.

Technically, coots are not ducks, though, because they have lobed rather than webbed feet. The coots that day were too far away for me to get a shot of their feet, so I am instead including a photo I took in April 2017 that shows those lobed feet and the coot’s distinctive red eyes.

American Coots

American Coot

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

 

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Some birds, like the ospreys and Great Egrets, leave our area and migrate to warmer climates as winter approaches. Others, like Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias), remain with us and have to work harder to find food.

Last week I spotted a heron standing in the shallow water of one of the tidal ponds at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. In the past I have often seen herons wait patiently for extended periods of time to catch large fish, but this heron was content to strike often and pluck small fish from the water—every few minutes he would catch another fish, swallow it in a single gulp, and return to fishing.

I encourage you to click on the image to get a better look at the small fish in the heron’s bill and the visible spray of water droplets. I also really like the dynamism of the  heron’s pose that suggests both the energy and the focus of the heron.

Great Blue Heron

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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It is still a little early for the Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) to begin nesting at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, but both members of an eagle couple were perched in a tree near a large nest last week when I visited the reserve. One of the eagles was partially blocked from view by the tree’s branches, but I was able to capture this image of the other one as it kept watch over the nesting site.

Bald Eagle

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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During the winter I often see rafts of ducks in the waters off of Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Usually they are gathered in the deep water, far from the shore and out of camera range for close-up shots, but I can usually identify them with my long telephoto lens.

On Wednesday during a visit to Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge, I spotted a large group of mostly American Coots and Ruddy Ducks. When I examined the group really carefully, however, I noticed a pair of Ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) that were resting on a semi-submerged log. I have seen this species of diving ducks at other locations, primarily in ponds, but don’t recall seeing them in the open water like this.

I’m pretty sure that the duck in the first photo is a male Ring-necked Duck, thanks to his striped bill and distinctive yellow eye. I am a little less certain about the duck in the second photo, but I think it is probably a female Ring-necked duck because of the white eye ring. I am a little rusty with my bird identifications after a summer spent chasing mostly insects and mammals, but suspect that I will better as we move into winter.

Male Ring-necked Duck

Female Ring-necked Duck

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

 

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This past Tuesday I heard a lot of rustling in the underbrush as I walked about in Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Sometimes the noise was caused by squirrels, but often it was the result of energetic White-throated Sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) foraging for food amidst the fallen leaves.

White-throated Sparrows overwinter in my area of Northern Virginia and seem to have arrived recently. I love the distinctive markings of these little birds, with their white “beards” and bright yellow lores, i.e. the region between the eye and the bill.

White-throated Sparrow

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I am finally more or less caught up with my photos from my road trip to Seattle and back. Here are a couple of my favorite shots of the trip, when I captured the sunrise on 5 November at Theodore Roosevelt National Park in Medora, North Dakota. It was dark and cold when I crawled out of my sleeping bag that morning, but I really wanted to try to see the sunrise.

The sun rises and sets each day, but each one is unique, affected by a whole host of uncontrollable factors, including meteorological conditions and the landscape. Sometimes the sun arrives slowly and subtly and sometimes it explodes into view. Professional landscape photographers scout locations in advance and figure out the optimal locations to catch the sunrise. I simply got into my car and began to drive slowly on the road through the park.

As I was driving I came upon this view as I rounded a corner just as the sun was rising over the horizon. Results are unpredictable when you point your camera directly at the sun, but somehow I managed to get it almost right in the first shot below—well at least I got a cool image that I like. When I moved the camera to the side a little so the sun was no longer in the frame, I was able to capture the final photo. I really like the sort of layering in the background, as the sun painted the various land features.

I am not sure if I will do a posting tomorrow, when those of us in the United States will be celebrating Thanksgiving. In case there is posting tomorrow, let me thank all of you now who pause for a moment to look at my photos or read my rambling prose. Thanks for all of your support and encouragement over the years.

sunrise

sunrise

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I am finally nearing the end of my photos from my brief stay in Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota at the beginning of November. I captured quite a few images of wild horses, bison, and prairie dogs at the national park and it has been a real joy reviewing the photos on my computer and relive the memories after my return home. Normally I try to post images on my blog that are a week old or less, but I figure that you will forgive me for posting images that are three weeks old.

Here are a few selected images of American Bison (Bison bison) that I spotted at the park in early November. Most often the were simply grazing, so frequently I would try to capture some interesting background, as in the first photo below. I was quite excited to spot the young bison in the second photo. It was quite a bit smaller than the adults, but already seemed to be growing horns.

The bison in the final photo lifted its head momentarily, allowing me to capture this informal portrait. It may look like I was really close to the bison, but I was using a telephoto zoom lens on my camera and I am pretty sure that I took the shot from inside my car. However, the bison was close enough that I had to zoom out a little to 322mm (on an 18-400mm lens) to fit the bison’s enormous head in the frame.

American Bison

American bison

American Bison

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

 

 

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Although I returned from my road trip out West several weeks ago, I am still going through some of the images that I captured. One of the real highlights of the trip was staying for a few nights in Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota. Unlike some other national parks in that part of the USA, like Yosemite and Glacier National Parks, this park is uncrowded and I was able to drive slowly on its roads and observe a variety of wildlife species.

One of my favorites was the bands of wild horses that live in the national park. It’s estimated that there are about 200 wild horses in the park, though it is hard to know for sure. Most of the time I spotted some of the horses at a distance, out of the range of my telephoto lens, but I did have a few closer encounters and was able to capture some decent images of them.

It was interesting to note that the horse in the final photo is wearing what looks to be some kind of tracking collar. I am not sure if this is a normal practice at the national park or if the horse is part of some special study.

I grew up watching lots of Western show on television, like The Rifleman, Bonanza, and Gunsmoke. As a result, I have a special fondness for cowboys and find it really cool to see wild horses and bison herds.

wild horses

wild horse

wild horse

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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When I was a child, I recall hearing and singing an old American folk song called “Home on the Range.” Its lyrics speak of a home where buffalo roam and “the deer and the antelope play.” Those words kept coming back to me earlier this month during my brief stay at Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota.

Over the years I have learned that the song is technically inaccurate, because there are no antelopes in North America. However, the Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) closely resembles the antelopes of the Old World and are known colloquially as “American antelope.” The closest living relatives of pronghorn, though, are the giraffe and the okapi, an animal often referred to as the “forest giraffe” found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Of note, the pronghorn is the fastest land mammal in the Americas, capable or reaching speeds of up to 55 miles per hour (88 km/h).

When I first spotted these pronghorns, they were coming down the side of a hill and preparing to cross the road on which I was traveling. There were two young pronghorns and one an adult, that I presumed was their mother. I focused primarily on the young ones, as you can see in the first two photos, and finally got a shot of the adult as the the pronghorns were climbing a hill on the other side of the road. If I remember correctly, I took the first two photos through the windshield of my car.

 

pronghorn

pronghorn

Pronghorn

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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I was delighted on Monday to spot multiple Autumn Meadowhawk dragonflies (Sympetrum vicinum) at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. During the past couple of weeks I saw a few female Autumn Meadowhawks, but until this week I had not photographed a single male—I think that all of the dragonflies that I spotted that day were males. Females are mostly brown with touches of red, while the bodies of males are mostly red, as you can see in the photo below.

Autumn Meadowhawks are only about 1.2 inches (30 mm) in length, so they are difficult to spot, despite their bright coloration. At this time of the year when fallen leaves litter the ground, they tend to blend in pretty well with their surroundings.

I was using my Tamron 150-600mm lens with a monopod, my preferred combination for photographing birds, so it was a challenge to focus on such tiny subjects as dragonflies. I was persistent, however, and was successful in capturing some pretty detailed shots of them.

Autumn Meadowhawk

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Monday was a wonderfully sunny autumn day, so I headed out with my camera to Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Suspecting that the insects were almost completely gone, I decided that I would primarily be searching for birds and switched to my longest telephoto lens, my Tamron 150-600mm zoom lens. This is a really versatile lens, but it has a minimum focusing distance of almost 9 feet (2700 mm), which makes focusing on small subjects problematic.

There were ducks on the bay, but they were too far away to photograph. I also spotted a few Bald Eagles as they flew away from me. Fortunately I had better luck with a Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus) that I initially heard singing. I located the small bird and waited until it turned its head to the side and captured this wonderful little shot of the wren with its mouth wide open and its tail lifted up.

Carolina Wren

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Early in the morning on 5 November, I encountered some mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) at Theodore Roosevelt National Park in Medora, North Dakota. Initially the deer were lapping up water that had accumulated alongside the road after a rainstorm.

I remained in my car as I captured a few shots of the deer, who looked at me with what appeared to be curiosity rather than fear. I was happy to be able to capture views of the tails and the ears of the mule deer, two of their most distinctive features, before they slowly moved into the underbrush.

mule deer

mule deer

mule deer

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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The number of butterflies continues to dwindle, so I was thrilled to spot this pretty little Variegated Fritillary butterfly (Euptoieta claudia) last Tuesday at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge. The weather has gotten cooler and it won’t be long before below freezing temperatures arrive, so I will be out chasing these last summer survivors until none remain.

Variegated Fritillary

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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Earlier this month I spotted a coyote (Canis latrans) at Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota. The coyote was hanging around a prairie dog town (you can see a prairie dog in the background) and magpies accompanied it, hoping to scavenge some tasty remnants.

I took these photos from inside my car with the windows open, hoping that no other cars would come by and disturb the coyote. Fortunately it was early in the morning and I was able to watch the coyote without interruptions. The coyote was unsuccessful in its hunt while I was there and eventually moved on.

Although we have coyotes at the wildlife refuge where I do a lot of my photography in Northern Virginia, this was my first time seeing and photographing one.

coyote

coyote

coyote

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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As the weather cools off and the insects disappear, my attention has gradually been shifting to birds. This was a real challenge for me a month ago when the leaves were still covering the trees and hid the birds from my view. Now, however, most of the leaves have fallen and I feel like I have a fighting chance of spotting a bird when I see or hear one.

On Tuesday I visited Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge and managed to capture shots of some of the resident birds. The bird in the first photo is a Downy Woodpecker (Picoides pubescens), the smallest woodpecker in our area. You can see a touch of red on the back of his head, indicating that he is a male.

Carolina Chickadees (Poecile carolinensis), like the one in the second photo, are quite common, but they are small and elusive and therefore difficult to photograph. During most of the time that I was observing this bird, its head was hidden by branches, but I watched and waited and finally was able to get an unobstructed shot of it.

I am not certain of the identification of the bird in the final photo. On the basis of its markings and color, I think that it may be a Hermit Thrush (Catharus guttatus), but that is really not much more than an educated guess. I would welcome a confirmation or correction from a more experienced birder.

Downy Woodpecker

Carolina Chickadee

Hermit Thrush

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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By mid-November most butterflies have disappeared in my area as the weather has cooled off. One notable exception, however, has been the Common Buckeye (Junonia coenia). I was delighted to spot numerous Common Buckeyes last week at Occoquan Bay National Wildlife Refuge.

The markings on these little butterflies are incredibly beautiful and I was happy to be able to capture some of that beauty in the photo below.

Common Buckeye

© Michael Q. Powell. All rights reserved.

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